From which advance civilization did europeans get the science of making spirits?

What event ensured england safe passage to colonize north america? a) many englishmen desired more religious freedom than the king allowed.b) england's government decided to take advantage of america's wealth of resources.c) england's defeat of the spanish armada in 1588 opened up the seaways.d) cabot claimed the north atlantic coast for england in 1497.

Brainliesttt !me : ) describe the conflict and changes in israel:

What did the introduction of silk into the mediterranean do for the abbasid empire