The text suggests representative democracy is justified by all of the following concerns except that
a. the people have limited information and expertise.
b. direct democracy is impractical.
c. the people may decide large issues on the basis of fleeting passions.
d. the people cannot choose among competing leadership groups.
e. the people may respond to popular demagogues.

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation:

you will need these

an outline of all three paragraphsan identification of the historical era that you are writing aboutan explanation of the term mass productiona description of two ways new technology affected industrya conclusion that shows how new technologies allowed industrialization to grow