One of the most important technological innovations to influence the economy was the

a - telephone
b - assembly line
c - computer

the answer is b.2008 and 2012 were presidential election years.

d: their own individual powers within the new goverment

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).