What burden influenced some non-muslims to convert to islam?
a) they were forbidden to pray openly.
b)they had to pay a special tax.
c) their traditional laws were revoked.
d)they were not allowed to own property.

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

it would be that mali has the worst literacy rate than the others