What is the most likely explanation for why the shang had little interaction with non-chinese cultures?

1)they were unable to travel upon the yellow river.
2)they were surrounded by higher plains and mountains to the north and west.
3)they were not aware of the other cultures existing nearby.
4)they were unable to use the seas to establish trade with others due to lack of technology.

The correct option is 2

The Shang Dynasty is the second dynasty in the history of China and the first whose historical existence is documented. Its territorial extension included the valley of the Yellow river. The territory of the Shang extended in the North half of the present province of Henan and the half southern of Hebei, the western part of Shandong, the zone more to the north of Anhui and the northwest of Jiangsu. In this territory the population was organized in units called zu, occupying a generally walled city in which the most common was that only members of the clan lived.

to answer this question you need to explain more

“i think it is very plausible that if there are five votes to end the death penalty, it could be with the people who are on the court right now,” - smith

so basically it is not clearly and consistently imposed