What facilitated the rapid spread of islam in the seventh and eighth centuries? the exhaustion of the byzantine empire after pyrrhic victories over the ostrogoths and vandals the capitulation of jewish and christian leaders direct military assistance from the sasanid state the unification of previously fractious and divided arab tribes?

explanation:

there are two statements that are incorrect.

1. the marshall plan was a lend lease program. it was an economic plan that europe redevelop itself after wwii.

2. einstein didn't really do anything to further the allied cause in building the bomb. he merely sent a letter to fdr telling him (in 1939) that if the united states entered the war, perhaps it would be wise to build the bomb before germany did. i would say this answer is incorrect, but when america entered the war 2 years later, fdr thought it might be a good idea to take einstein's advice.

the 4th choice is definitely so wrong that is likely the single answer of this question

the idealization of the rural landscape ; admiration for the beauty of nature ; focus on an individual's inner concerns