Which of these was a result of the treaty of brest-litovsk?
a. the end of world war 1
b. russia's withdrawal from the war
c. the end of austria-hungrays war with serbia
d. the u. s. entrance into the war

Correct  B. Russia's withdrawal from the war (World War I).

Russia withdrew from The Great War (which we now call World War I) after the Bolshevik Revolution brought Vladimir Lenin and the communists to power.  Revolutionary activity broke out in Russia in February, 1917 -- during the time of World War I.   Germany and Russia were on opposite sides in that war, and the German authorities helped Lenin, in exile, return to Russia in order to foment further revolution there and hurt the Russian government's ability to wage war in Europe.  The major revolution in Russia, known as the Bolshevik Revolution, occurred in the fall of 1917.  In March 1918, the new Soviet Russia government under Lenin ended its participation in the war, signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

interdependence is when all participating groups and individuals depend on each other. if you depend on one anothers goods, you end up trading in order to get the items you're looking for. (for ex: if i have food and you have water, we trade in order to depend on each other to live)

after the civil war, and with the termination of slavery, the south was faced with a big problem; what was supposed to happen and how they were supposed to deal with the freedom and the rights that black people and freed slaves had gained as a result of the north defeating the south and forcing the end of slavery. first, most, if not all, of the workforce of the south came from slaves and they did not have an option to replace the loss of said workforce. second, particularly in the south, people were convinced that black people were lesser, less intelligent, less capable and less smart than whites. this posed a huge problem for them. also, southerners were faced with another issue; freed slaves now had a say in how their lives would be lived and the right to politically choose the way they would be governed. people in the south did not want to accept this, none of this and this opposition and the conflicts that arose from it, not to mention the afereffects of the war, forced the congress of the time to enact and enforce the reconstruction plans that had been proposed by president andrew johnson.