Why did many new nations in africa have difficulty building democratic governments?

It was due to the differences that were created by the uropeans. There were now some artificial boundaries, which geographically not present. The borders separated the groups similar cultures and the ethnic people started fighting with each other. This led to violence, instability and iability to build new democratic nations in Africa. 

The  pan-african movement  was an "emotional, cultural, psychological and ideological  movement  that began among the  african  dispora in the western hemisphere, for a closer  purpose, so that  african  people could feel secure, attain political, economic as well as psychological power visa vis other races or world regions" .