Which identifies the effect of the pact of steel?

a. it gave italian forces the military surplus needed to invade north africa.
b. it formed an early alliance between the axis powers of germany and italy.
c. it great britain and france receive aid from the united states.
d. it promoted attacks on poland by germany and the soviet union.

b. It formed an early alliance between the Axis powers of Germany and Italy.

Explanation:

The Pact of Steel (or Pact of Friendship and Alliance between Germany and Italy) was a military and political alliance between these powers, which was signed on May 22, 1939 by foreign ministers Galeazzo Ciano of Italy and Joachim von Ribbentrop of Germany. This pact represented an early alliance between the Axis powers of Germany and Italy.

john maynrd keynes developed new economic respose to the                           ( b. great depression if the 1930's)