Read the excerpt from “the gettysburg address,” abraham lincoln’s famous speech. now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. we are met on a great battlefield of that war. which quotation correctly uses ellipsis to shorten lincoln’s words? now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation . . can long endure. we are met on a great battlefield of that war. now we are engaged in a great civil war . . testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. we are met on a great battlefield of that war. now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated . . we are met on a great battlefield of that war. now . . in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. we are met on a great battlefield of that war.

The quotation that correctly uses ellipsis to shorten Lincoln's words is "Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation . . . can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war." (Option 1)

When we use ellipsis, we get rid of information or clauses that do not greatly affect the meaning of the sentence and that does not render the sentence ungrammatical. In this case, the sentence still means the same and is grammatically correct.

While the second option is not a shortened version of the quote, the third and fourth options are ungrammatical.

map scale refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. for example, on a 1: 100000 scale map, 1cm on the map equals 1km on the ground.

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