What factors were significant in the decline of both the mali and songhai empires?

Hello!

In the middle of the 13th century, the Mali empire reached its peak under the rule of Mansa Musa. However, after his death, under his sons rule the states Mansa Musa had conquered broke off. As the Mali empire declined, the Songhai empire rose to power, and became an important trade center but soon the Songhai empire weakened by political struggles, and it had to face different invasions due to its reaches.

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