Explain mutual defense alliances, and critique the role they played in starting world war i.

Mutual defense alliances was a significant cause for starting World War I. Basically, what happened was all of the countries were somehow alliances with other countries. Conflict between different countries caused the allied countries to be involved which eventually led to World War I.

france,russia and prussia had absolute monarchy and it meant:

when louis xiv inherited the throne, he was able to serve as his chief minister.louis xiv ruled as an absolute monarch.