Napoleon made many reforms that greatly improved the lives of millions of ordinary french men and women. which statements describe these reforms?
choose all answers that are correct.
a. created a civil service system that rewarded talent and hard work.
b. appointed family members to positions of power.
c. improved sidewalks, sewers, road network, and water supply.
d. developed a unified legal system for all the people of france.

The correct answers are A and D. Although B is also true, it was not a reform that improved the life of the French population.

One of the most important aspects of Napoleon's work is the least known for the general public. The Napoleonic reforms would last more in Europe than the alterations of borders that produced the continuous wars. Napoleon's empire disappeared with his fall but his policies were decisive for the revolutionary changes that, over time, would end up destroying the Old Regime in Europe.

In the year 1804 a new Constitution was approved, whose first article proclaimed that the government of the Republic was entrusted to an emperor with the title of Emperor of the French. On December 2, 1804, in the cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris and in the presence of Pope Pius VII, Napoleon I crowned himself.

Napoleon undertook a vast program of interior reforms. He restored public order with the creation of the Ministry of the Interior and with an effective and fearsome secret police. The administration was centralized, and the departments became dependent on the central government in Paris. A deep fiscal reform was established, which extended to all citizens the obligation to pay taxes. Napoleon signed a concordat with the Holy See, which recognized the new French state. In education, important reforms were introduced, beginning with the extension of the right to education to all French citizens. A Civil Code was enacted, which reflected the aspirations of the bourgeoisie, especially in relation to the protection of private property. One of Napoleon's most important contributions to history was, without a doubt, the promulgation of the Civil Code, which rationalized and unified the laws, and which, with the exception of the Anglo-Saxon countries, became universal.

The new French administration with its institutions, law and reforms tried to apply to the vassal or allied states. Constitutions were proclaimed in the so-called "sister republics": limited monarchies with separation of powers and a legislative elected by census suffrage; and the estates societies were abolished.

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