Which action led to the cuban missile crisis?
a. the construction of nuclear missile sites in cuba
b. an attack on cuban naval vessels by u. s. ballistic missiles
c. the sale of nuclear missile technology to cuba
d. the testing of ship to ship missiles in cuba by the soviets

The correct answer is A. The action that led to the Cuban missile crisis was the construction of nuclear missile sites in Cuba by the Soviet Union.

"Operation Anadyr" was the code used by the Soviet Union for a secret operation aimed at deploying medium-range ballistic missiles, fighter aircraft, bombers and a mechanized infantry division in Cuba and creating a force capable of preventing or defending an invasion to the island by the United States Armed Forces. It was later revealed that short-range nuclear tactical missiles were also installed, which could attack warships off the coast of Cuba, just at the time of an amphibious landing on the island. After the failure of the invasion of Cuban exiles sponsored by the USA in the Bay of Pigs (April 1961), the Soviet government arranged in May 1962 to establish a military force on Cuban soil under the operational command of General Issa Pliyev, a veteran officer of the Second World War.

The installation of the R-6 medium-range ballistic missile by Soviet military personnel in Cuba was discovered by the photographs of a special type of US spy plane, the U-2, flying over Cuba in mid-1962. CIA pointed out to President John F. Kennedy that the structures photographed in Cuba seemed to correspond to tactical missile installations, not yet operational but that would be in a short time, which meant a great concern for the US government, because only 200 kilometers separated the US territory (specifically the Florida peninsula) from the Cuban coasts (distance considered to be easily surmountable by the Soviet missiles).

Thus the crisis unfolded, which spanned the period between the discovery of the medium-range ballistic missile R-12 and R-14 of the Soviet Union (October 15, 1962) until the announcement of its dismantling and transfer back to the Soviet Union (October 28, 1962). It was one of the biggest crises, together with the Berlin Blockade and the Able Archer 83 exercises, between both powers during the Cold War.

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