What new political thoughts came as a result of the enlightenment?

Enlightenment ideas on politics were rooted in John Locke's Two Treatises on Government. Locke's basic idea was that government, rather than being at the whim of an absolute monarch with no checks on his power, existed merely as a trust to carry out the will of the people and protect their "lives, liberty, and property." If it failed in its duties or acted arbitrarily, the subjects had the right to form a new government, by revolution if necessary.