Which of the following u. s. presidents was the first to endorse the policy of affirmative action in 1961?

Which of the following led to a continuation of the treatment in the excerpt above? a)the brutality of the trans-atlantic african slave trade. b)spanish repression after violent native uprisings in new spain during the 16th century. c)european competition to quickly establish colonial holdings in the new world. d)the reliance of the spanish on native americans to provide labor under the encomienda system.

Were african-americans allowed to serve in the military in wwi? explain

What did the introduction of silk into the mediterranean do for the abbasid empire