Trial of a person charged with federal crime or a suit involving the infringement of a patent or copyright or one involving any other matter arising out of act of congress is within the jurisdiction of the federal courts
use the excerpt to answer the question
1) in a pet in case being heard for the first time this is an example of ?
a) con current jurisdiction
b) exclusive jurisdiction
c) appellate jurisdiction
d) local jurisdiction

Right answer is exclusive jurisdiction just took the test

they both wanted to stop protestantism, they felt a call in life and it was to strengthen the church. charles used inquisition, philip used army's, charles gave control to outsiders, philip centralized all power.

hope this you !

c. archbishop desmond tutu promoted the acknowledgement of the rights of black africans and expose human rights abuses.

d. leader haile selassie modernized african society through the institution of progressive social, economic, and educational reforms.