Why did general douglas macarthur struggle to hold the u. s. positions in the philippines?

Which of the following inventions most directly allowed ancient farmers to produce a surplus ?

Is karma the same as destiny, in the sense that everything that happens to you is predetermined? do you believe that "what goes around comes around," and if so is this the same as karma? does everyone get what they deserve, in the end?

Which of the results of cultural blending do you think has the most lasting effects on a country