The map below shows areas under Muslim control. FAST
Map of the Middle East, Northern Africa, and Southern Europe under Muslim control in green.

How did the spread of Muslim rule most effect European leaders?

they tolerated it
they ignorned it
they were understanding of it
they were threatened by it

I think D

Explanation:

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

he risk-return relationship. generally, the higher the potential return of an investment, the higher the risk. there is no guarantee that you will actually get a higher return by accepting more risk. diversification enables you to reduce the risk of your portfolio without sacrificing potential returns.

explanation: