Whose responsibility is it to "interpret and verify" that new laws are
Constitutional?
A)Legislative branch
B)Executive Branch
C)Judicial Branch
D)The People

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C) Judicial Branch.

Explanation:

Regardless if it is a new law or an old law, the Judicial Branch interprets the law based on the current environment to decipher whether or not the law should be applied. If the Judicial Branch deems that the law actually is illegitimate and unconstitutional, it can then be thrown out.

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by creating a labor shortage that pushed the continent toward a market economy

the answer would be logic.