Regarding the Navigation Acts (1651 and later amendments), all the following answers are true except: a. No commodities imported into the Empire were to be carried in any but British ships. b. Only British subjects could be merchants in the colonies, and only British ships could carry commodities from one English port to another. c. All of these are true. d. Commodities originating from the British Empire must be shipped in British (including colonial) ships.

C. All of these are true

Explanation:

The answer is all of these are true.

In the navigation act of 1651, the aim of this act was to promote self sufficiency by the English parliament. To do this, restrictions were out on colonial trades and it was declared that only ships from England could bring commodities back into England. And also only English or colonial crew members could operate these ships. The colonists couldn't bring in goods using foreign ships. By doing this the English people were trying to promote mercantilism

according to the map, most industrialization in europe occurred in the northwest.

the production of coal and lignite deposits was profitable throughout western europe.

the building of railroads transport goods throughout europe.

according to the map, the population trend indicates that more people are moving into cities.

northwest

coal and lignite depostis

railroads

cities

d the foreign governments