1. What attitudes do Kitchener and Macaulay express toward Indians? [Most, but not all, British people shared these views.]

Answer is in the photo. I couldn't attach it here, but uploaded it to a file hosting. link below! Good Luck!

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On this day in 1835, Lord Macaulay successfully westernised education in India; English was made the official language for the government and courts, and was adopted as the official medium of instruction.

to contain the wave of communism

although the legal justifications for the trials and their procedural innovations were controversial at the time, the nuremberg trials are now regarded as a milestone toward the establishment of a permanent international court, and an important precedent for dealing with later instances of genocide and other crimes