Vincent Harding essay "We the People: The Long Journey Toward a More Perfect Union" discusses the contradictions between the values expressed in the Preamble to the Constitution and the experiences of African Americans. Discuss one of the experiences Harding refers to that gave you an awareness of the African American struggle historically.

He has outlined the cruelty of Native Americans against the African activists

Explanation:

In this essay "We the People: The Long Journey Toward a More Perfect Union", Vincent Harding is referring to the struggle of black activist in their struggle for social justice. Native Americans imposed strict action against the African Americans such as imprisonment, policing, jailing etc. but the African activist responded through carceral actions. They created cultural consciousness which further led to carceral confrontations.

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation: