When islam began, arabia was sort of a buffer state between two powerful empires of the time. what were they? byzantine and sasanian roman and persian byzantine and roman sasanian and persian

Which of the following was a reason why the loss of alsace and lorraine to germany was a major blow to france?

Why are nation-states difficult to create?

Plz which of the following statements about the fugitive slave act of 1850 is not accurate? a. marshals you refuse to arrest a suspected fugitive could be find $1000. b. slave owners had to present evidence an african-american in the north was a fugitive slave. c. any person who provided food or shelter to a fugitive slave could be find $1000 and placed in jail for six months. d. it required of federal marshals to arrest any african-american suspected of being a runaway slave.