How does Mazzini criticize aristocracy? How does he criticize monarchy as a form of government?

Explanation:

By claiming that Nature intended all civilizations to be the universal divisions of civilization, Mazzini criticized the aristocracy. By firmly rejecting the Empire, Mazzini emphasizes Italian patriotism and the moral rebirth of man. The patriarchal monarchy was seen by Mazzini as the manifestation of dictatorship.

alaska is the answer to this

answer; /// i do believe that its napolean's conquest of spain;