Which is a characteristic of a federal state?

D. governmental power is shared

Explanation: In a Federal state, the power within the government typically shifted into several smaller regions. Each region will be given the power to independently regulate Itself (creating legislation, proposing government programs, etc), In United States, we refer to this as States government.

On top of the state's government, the Federal state established the Central government. The central government has authority over the state's government and will be responsible to create regulations that affected a nation as a whole rather than one individual state.