By separating powers among the branches of government, the constitution:

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

frederick the great and the war of austrian succession. frederick william of brandenburg-prussia trained his son, frederick, to be a hardy soldier. he also declared himself king of bohemia, and maria theresa sent troops to retake bohemia. in august he led 80,000 of these men across the frontier into bohemia, his

basic principles: federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, representative democracy, limited government, rule of law, individual rights and responsibilities, consent of the governed, majority rule, popular sovereignty, equal protection.