11. These actions are examples of what process? -outlawing the selling of church positions
-prohibiting kings from appointing priests
-excommunicating Holy Roman emperor

O A. Developing a hierarchy of church officials

O B. Improving the efficiency of the government

O C. Strengthening the power of the church

OD. Protecting the wealth of the monarchs

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Explanation:

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donald carl johanson (born june 28, 1943) is an american paleoanthropologist. he is known for discovering – with yves coppens and maurice taieb – the fossil of a female hominin australopithecine known as "lucy" in the afar triangle region of hadar, ethiopia.

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i googled "who was kolson johanson" and this is the answer i found.

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simplify brackets

8 - 2a - 7 = a + 40

simplify 8 - 2a - 7 to -2a + 1

-2a + 1 = a + 40

add 2a to both sides

1 = a + 40 + 2a

simplify a + 40 + 2a to 3a + 40

1 = 3a + 40

subtract 40 from both sides

1 - 40 = 3a

simplify 1 - 40 o -39

-39 = 3a

divide both sides by 3

-39/3 = a

simplify 39/3 to 13

-13 = a

switch sides

a = -13