How do you think the origins of the empire might relate to the culture of the Middle East today?

How do you think busbecq outsider status shaped his perceptions of ottoman political and military life? to what extent does his role as foreigner enhance or undermine the usefulness of his account for historians?

In the decision for dred scott vs.sanford, (1857) in which a slave petitioned for his freedom in a st. louis court, on the grounds that his owner had taken him into free territory, and thus he ought no longer be regarded as possessing "slave" status, but should be regarded as a free man, the court decided as follows (excerpt): "in the circuit courts of the united states, the record must show that the case is one in which by the constitution and laws of the united states, the court had jurisdiction--and if this does not appear, and the court gives judgment either for plaintiff or defendant, it is error, and the judgment must be reversed by this court--and the parties cannot by consent waive the objection to the jurisdiction of the circuit court. a free negro of the african race, whose ancestors were brought to this country and sold as slaves, is not a 'citizen' within the meaning of the constitution of the united states. when the constitution was adopted, they were not regarded in any of the states as members of the community which constituted the state, and were not numbered among its 'people or citizen.' consequently, the special rights and immunities guarantied to citizens do not apply to them. and not being "citizens" within the meaning of the constitution, they are not entitled to sue in that character in a court of the united states, and the circuit court has not jurisdiction in such a suit. the only two clauses in the constitution which point to this race, treat them as persons whom it was morally lawful to deal in as articles of property and to hold as slaves. since the adoption of the constitution of the united states, no state can by any subsequent law make a foreigner or any other description of persons citizens of the united states, nor entitle them to the rights and privileges secured to citizens by that instrument." why does the court say that the petitioning party in this case had no right to sue for his freedom? a) because he is too young b) because he is from a different state c) because he is "of the african race" with enslaved ancestors d) because he is, properly speaking, within his owner's jurisdiction

Read the excerpt from suffragists' "great demand" banner. in june 1917, the district of columbia police began arresting picketers for obstructing sidewalk traffic. the women would be sentenced to serve in the occoquan workhouse prison in lorton, virginia. in august, scuffles broke out at the gates of the white house as angry spectators assaulted suffragists while city police stood by. the picketing continued. on october 20, alice paul was arrested and sentenced to seven months in jail. she and her companions were held in solitary confinement and denied counsel. paul went on a hunger strike and was violently force-fed. authorities confined her to a psychiatric ward in an effort to discredit her. on november 14, thirty women in the workhouse prison were beaten, threatened, and mistreated in what came to be known as the night of terror. chronological structure is used in this passage to emphasize the increasing aggression against women activists. clarify the purpose of the occoquan workhouse prison system. explain the relationship between alice paul and the authorities. define the types of women who were sentenced and imprisoned.