Politically, all three of the Islamic states began as military states. feudal aristocracies. constitutional monarchies. oligarchies dominated by the merchant class.

military states.

Explanation:

The first three Islamic states started politically as military states, which was essential for the expansion of Islam through military campaigns and territorial conquests. The military nature of these states allowed the elaboration of effective campaigns, which allowed a strong Islamic expansion, creating feudal states, aristocrats, monarchies, among others.

roosevelt believed that in light of the country's recent military successes, it was unnecessary to use force to achieve foreign policy goals, so long as the military could threaten force. this belief, and his strategy of “speaking softly and carrying a big stick,” shaped much of roosevelt's foreign policy.