The concept of original intent means

Meaning of a particular provision of a state or federal constitution by determining how the provision was understood at the time it was drafted and ratified.

Explanation:

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).

answer: the ocean

explanation: if you map out 30 n and 40 n latitude, you will get the ocean