• Did Smith think that increased global contact was generally a good thing or a bad thing? How does he make his opinion on this clear?

answer:   migrations were important in the neolithic period. "two major migrations passing through southeastern europe were confirmed by the means of archaeo-genetic studies."

the first migration was the early neolithic period -- 6,000 before common era (bce) -- when the first farmers, from anatolia -- asia minor -- spread through europe. the second migration occurred during the early bronze age (3,000-2,500 bce) when the so-called "steppe population," from the eurasian steppe, replaced much of northern europe's previous population.

the first farmers of northern and western europe passed through southeastern europe with limited hunter-gatherer genetic admixture, which occurs when two or more previously isolated populations begin interbreeding. however, some groups that remained mixed extensively -- without the male-biased, hunter-gatherer admixture that prevailed later in the north and west, according to latest discoveries. southeastern europe continued to be a nexus between east and west, with intermittent genetic contact with the steppe people up to 2,000 years before the migrations that replaced much of northern europe's population.

"in some places, hunter-gatherers and incoming farmers seem to have mixed very quickly," says iain mathieson, a geneticist at the university of pennsylvania, who was first author of the paper. "but, mostly, the two groups remained isolated, at least for the first few hundred years. these hunter-gatherers had been living there for thousands of years, and it must have been quite a shock to have these new people show up -- with a completely different lifestyle and appearance."

the neolithic revolution began the era of permanent societies, the reliance on the limited amount of land gave way to political organization and this political organization caused social organization which was divided by amount of property and power.

the neolithic revolution (new stone age) was the first agricultural revolution. it was a gradual change from nomadic hunting and gathering communities and bands to agriculture and settlement. this period is described as a "revolution" because it changed the way of life of communities which made the change.

sentence:

let´s farm and domesticate these animals so we do not be hunting in the woods all the time