4) Select the best answer. Before the field of physics was officially defined, it was a mixture of
astronomy
geometry
both astronomy and alchemy
alchemy
all of these

both astronomy and alchemy

Explanation:

Physics can be defined as the field or branch of science that typically deals with nature and properties of matter, motion and energy with respect to space, force and time.

Alchemy can be defined as a primitive field of natural science or philosophy that typically deals with the conversion of ordinary (base) metals into gold or lead into gold, as well as finding a cure for diseases. Also, Alchemy paved or gave room for the study of the composition and structure of matter with respect to chemical reactions.

Before the field of physics was officially defined, it was a mixture of both astronomy and alchemy.

This ultimately implies that, physical science was a broad field of science that comprises of both astronomy and alchemy during the medieval period.

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]

it is a : ) always outside of government control