To what extent were the Middle Ages a dark era?

Topic sentences 1, 2,3

the results of roman expansion produced social conflict and civil war. julius caesar gained power and became a dictator but was then assassinated. the reign of augustus began a long period of imperial rule and peace in the roman empire. rome faced the problems of how to maintain peace, law, and order.

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brainliest?

small european communities with shared traditions consolidated into large new states (apex)