Athens was located in Attica, a peninsula with many hills and mountains. Sparta was located in Laconia, which had more low lying valleys that were good for farming
Compare the impact of geography on the military strategy in each city-state.

Both concentrated their military force in the navy

Sparta concentrated its military force in the army
while Athens concentrated its military force in the navy

Sparta concentrated its military force in the navy while Athens concentrated its military force in the army

Both concentrated their military force in the army