What were the main causes and effects of the French Revolution?

CAUSES

The growing popularity of the works of a number of intellectuals who argued for social reform

Crop failures in 1788 compounded existing economic restlessness

French participation in the American Revolution that drove the government to the brink of bankruptcy

Resentment among the bourgeoisie about being excluded from political power

The French monarchy, no longer seen as divinely ordained, was unable to adapt to the political and societal pressures being exerted on it

Widespread inequality between the rich and poor classes alongside growing dissatisfaction with the antiquated feudal system among the poor.

EFFECTS:

Establishment of a republic in France

Establishment of civil equality in the country (but not in the French colonies) and radical social change

The Reign of Terror, during which the Revolutionary government arrested 300,000 suspects, resulting in at least 25,000 deaths

The abolition of feudalism in France

The abolition of the monarchy and the deaths of King Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette

The rise to power of Napoleon Bonaparte

Wars with a number of other countries, including Austria, Prussia, and Great Britain

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