2. Julius Caesar and Augustus were influential in Rome's change from to A. Empire to city-state

B. Kingdom to empire

C. City-state to republic

D. Republic to empire

Option: D. Republic to empire.

Explanation:

Julius Caesar and Augustus were emperors of the Roman Empire. Both changed politics in Rome. Caesar's rule helped turn Rome from a republic into an empire. Caesar successor, Octavian become Augustus, the first Roman Emperor. Caesar's death started a series of civil wars that led to the death of the Republic and the birth of Rome as an Empire.

john smith was the first englishman to sail around the world. francis bacon served as attorney general and lord chancellor of england. he took up aristotelian ideas, arguing for an empirical, inductive approach, known as the scientific method, which is the foundation of modern scientific inquiry.