Old enough to fight, old enough to vote” became a major rallying cry for which amendment to the Constitution

That would be the 26th Amendment. "The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abriged by the United Statea or by any State on account on age." (rewritten in simpler terms)

although the legal justifications for the trials and their procedural innovations were controversial at the time, the nuremberg trials are now regarded as a milestone toward the establishment of a permanent international court, and an important precedent for dealing with later instances of genocide and other crimes

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"the land of the dead"