In what two ways were the Crusades considered successful? They reopened trade with the Middle East during the fourteenth century.
They permanently reclaimed the Holy Land for the Catholic Church.
They allowed the exchange of ideas and learning with the Arabs.
They united all of Europe as the Holy Roman Empire.

They reopened trade with the Middle East during the 14th century and they allowed the exchange of ideas and learning with Arabs

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explanation:

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the results of roman expansion produced social conflict and civil war. julius caesar gained power and became a dictator but was then assassinated. the reign of augustus began a long period of imperial rule and peace in the roman empire. rome faced the problems of how to maintain peace, law, and order.

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