To what extent did the political disunity impact the presidential administrations of Jefferson and Madison (1800-1816)?

It leads to instability of the government.

Explanation:

Due to the political disunity great impact was observed in the presidential administrations because political disunity is responsible for many problems which leads to instability of the government. This political disunity costs the country and also its people so political disunity has a direct adverse impact on the presidential administrations.

equal area projections

equal-area projection. a projection in which regions on the earth's surface that are of equal area are represented as equal.

according to this text from the preamble to the declaration, who gives men their unalienable rights?