Which two aqueducts would have been most useful for supplying the most water to help the economy of role because they supplied agriculture and business

One of the earliest examples of the exploitation of groundwater to sustain human civilization is the aqueduct system of ancient Rome. Although some of the aqueducts were fed by surface water, most of them were supplied by springs, usually augmented by tunneling to increase the flow of groundwater.

Diodorus Siculus enumerated the seven wonders of the ancient world in the first century BC (1814, 99). Had the accounting been taken a century or two later, surely the aqueducts of Rome would have been included. In his Natural History, Pliny the Elder (23 to 79 AD) touted the aqueducts of Rome as a “marvel” that was “unsurpassed” (1857, 352). “If we only take into consideration the abundant supply of water to the public, for baths, ponds, canals, household purposes, gardens, places in the suburbs, and country houses; and then reflect upon the distances that are traversed, the arches that have been constructed, the mountains that have been pierced, the valleys that have been levelled, we must of necessity admit that there is nothing to be found more worthy of our admiration throughout the whole universe” (1857, 353 to 354).

Contemplation of Roman accomplishments in hydraulic engineering compels us to agree with Pliny's assessment. And other writers were unsparing in their encomia. Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus (c. 60 to 7 BC) ranked the aqueducts as one of “the three most magnificent works in Rome,” the other two being paved roads and sewers. The aqueducts were a testament to the “greatness of the Roman empire,” because of their usefulness and the expense of constructing them (Dionysius 1758, 129). The geographer, Strabo (c. 64 BC to 24 AD), noted that “so plentiful is the supply of water from the aqueducts, that rivers may be said to flow through the city and the sewers, and almost every house is furnished with water‐pipes and copious fountains” (1854, 350). Edward Gibbon (1737 to 1794), celebrated author of The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, described the aqueducts of ancient Rome as “among the noblest monuments of Roman genius and power” due to “the boldness of the enterprise, the solidity of the execution, and the uses to which they were subservient” (Gibbon 1900, 70). Modern water supply systems rivalling those of ancient Rome were not constructed until the nineteenth century (Wilson 2008, 312

The temperance movement, discouraging the use of alcoholic beverages, had been active and influential in the united states since at least the 1830s. since the use of alcohol was often associated with such social ills as poverty and insanity, temperance often went hand in hand with other reform movements. from the 1850s onward, the temperance movement focused much of its efforts on irish and german immigrants.temperance advocates did not always emphasize prohibiting the consumption of alcohol. but by the late 19th century, they did. the prohibition movement achieved initial successes at the local and state levels. it was most successful in rural southern and western states, and less successful in more urban states. by the early 20th century, prohibition was a national movement.prohibition exhibited many of the characteristics of most progressive reforms. that is, it was concerned with the moral fabric of society; it was supported primarily by the middle classes; and it was aimed at controlling the "interests" (liquor distillers) and their connections with venal and corrupt politicians in city, state, and national governments. still, it was not until u.s. entry into the great war that prohibitionists were able to secure enactment of national legislation. in 1918, congress passed the 18th amendment to the constitition, prohibiting the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages. states ratified the amendment the next year.herbert hoover called prohibition a "noble experiment," but the effort to regulate people's behavior soon ran into trouble. enforcement of prohibition became very difficult. soon, such terms as "bootlegger," "bath tub gin," and "speakeasy" became household words. gangs of hoodlums became more powerful as they trafficked in alcohol. by the 1930s, a majority of americans had tired of the noble experiment, and the 18th amendment was repealed.to search for additional documents in american memory, consider using such key words as temperance, prohibition, saloon, alcohol or alcoholic beverage, and women's christian temperance union.top of page