Judging from all of these, what is luther’s opinion on the position of the pope?

That popes pardons aren't that inestimable gift of God by which man is reconciled to Him.

it's a secular holiday. it is and was a custom developed to recognize the ending of a time and a wish for a good future. the kind of kiss you exchange, if you are single, is intended to predict what kind of year you will have in the coming year.

it is saying good bye to the last year with all its ups and downs, and hello to the new year, with all its hopes and dreams.