From Timbuktu I sailed down the Nile (Niger) on a small boat, hollowed out of a single piece of wood …I went on…to GawGaw (GaoGao), which is a large city on the Nile (Niger)…The buying and selling of its inhabitants was done with cowry shells, and the same is the case at Malli (The city of Mali), I stayed there about a month, and then set of in the direction Tagadda by land with a large caravan of merchants from Ghadamas. Ibn Battuta (1304-1353) 20. Which of the following would MOST likely have created the conditions to support Ibn Battuta’s travel over several regions of Africa and Eurasia?

Your

Dar al-Islam

Pax Mongolica

growth of port cities

voyages of Zheng He