In what historical document do the italicized words come from? What do the words 'unalienable rights' mean?

What is the main idea of this excerpt? 1.1.3

If biblio is a word root meaning "book,” and phil means "love,” what is the best definition of bibliophile in the sentence below? elena was a bibliophile, so she amassed a library of thousands of books over the course of her life. someone who writes books someone who adores books someone who reads a lot of books someone who knows a lot about books

For in this unit, you read about transitions of power and the formation of newly independent nations in africa, asia, the americas, and the middle east. some of these transitions were peaceful, while others caused long-term instability. why do you think some countries were more successful than others with political transitions? what do you think were the biggest challenges facing newly independent countries? would it have been possible for leaders to prevent these problems before they happened? why or why not?