How did the railroads react to state governments’ legislation during the Gilded Age?

Railroad companies challenged the new laws in the courts

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Railroad companies challenged the new laws in the courts. Why were political machines difficult to break up? They created a cycle of favors for votes.

Explanation:

this means that germany had to pay the allied countries. reparations are/is essentially payment for something that they have done wrong, so after ww1, germany was forced to pay reparations so they could replenish the allied countries resources' that they had lost during the war.