The american explorer henry morton stanley staked claims along the congo river in africa on behalf of

The American explorer Henry Morton Stanley staked claims along the Congo River in Africa on behalf of Leopold II of Belgium.

Stanley was hired by the ambitious King Leopold II of Belgium, who in 1876 organized an international scientific and philanthropic association, which he named the International African Association, which concealed a particular company of the king. The king expounded his intentions to introduce Western civilization and religion in that part of Africa, but he concealed his desire to appropriate the lands for his own benefit. Stanley returned to the Congo by order of the king and negotiated with the tribal chiefs to obtain land concessions.

separation of powers, therefore, refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.   the intent is to prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances.  

the traditional characterizations of the powers of the branches of american government are:

* the legislative branch is responsible for enacting the laws of the state and appropriating the money necessary to operate the government.

* the executive branch is responsible for implementing and administering the public policy enacted and funded by the legislative branch.

* the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting the constitution and laws and applying their interpretations to controversies brought before it.

forty state constitutions specify that government be divided into three branches:   legislative, executive and judicial.   california illustrates this approach; "the powers of state government are legislative, executive, and judicial.   persons charged with the exercise of one power may not exercise either of the others except as permitted by this constitution."

while separation of powers is key to the workings of american government, no democratic system exists with an absolute separation of powers or an absolute lack of separation of powers. governmental powers and responsibilities intentionally overlap; they are too complex and interrelated to be neatly compartmentalized. as a result, there is an inherent measure of competition and conflict

minnesota:   minnesota house research,   separation of powers: when statutes and court rules conflict, 2005

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