What happened in the world warII in the year 1942

"After a successful German advance in summer 1942, the battle for the city of Stalingrad in late 1942 proved a turning point. ... After this defeat, German troops were forced on the defensive, beginning the long retreat westward that was to end with Nazi Germany's surrender in May 1945, some three years later."

cultural/diplomatic relations. most medieval japanese   culture has chinese origins. writing, architecture etc.

the correct answer is ''the programs costs have risen dramatically in the recent past'' hope this !