What was the primary objective of the North at the start of the Civil War?

  To achieve emancipation, the Union had to invade the South, defeat the Confederate armies, and occupy the Southern territory. The Civil War began as a purely military effort with limited political objectives. The North was fighting for reunification, and the South for independence.

Explanation: Your welcome :)

offline recommendation systems option b

because recommendation systems produce a list of two ways

1. through collaborative filtering

or

2. through content-based filtering

billygate was not one of the scandals