Which statement best explains why many new ideas were introduced to Europe through Italy?
A.
The Pope and other Catholic Church leaders in Rome encouraged new ideas.
B.
Italian city-states were centers of trade with eastern Mediterranean countries.
C.
Muslim scholars in Rome had the most contact with other scholars in Europe.
D.
Italian city-states were the locations of most of the first universities in Europe.

B

Explanation:

Catholic religion did not encourage any new or changing ideas. Muslim scholars did not have more contact with other scholars. Many schools were started in Italian city-states but that is not why new ideas were introduced. New ideas were introduced because Italy was bustling with trade. And when you have a heavily trade centered area you get many different cultures coming together and sharing ideas.

B

Explanation:

Because I did this on study island (trust me)

explanation:

a trial judge has broad powers in his courtroom. the judge's decision is usually final for the duration of the trial, and the party's one special type of witness is an expert witness.