How did joint-stock companies and monopoly companies contribute to increased trade and exploration?

They contributed to the increased trade and exploration by having to sell their stock and shares to buyers in the aim to get money for the development of products.

Explanation:

The Joint-stock companies and monopoly companies seem alike to modern corporations that sold their stock to investors in order to get resources like money or capital, for new a new finding or research and product development.

All of this was carried out with the sole aim  of making profit returns and giving reward to  investors with the high rise of stock share prices.

In the 17th century, English merchants used Joint-stock companies by (which to pool share and capital  the risks involved  with trading voyages to Africa and Asia.

answer; (c) slaves brought to the americans from africa;